Ultimate guide

Autoimmune Holiday Lifestyle Guide

At WellTheory, we know staying healthy at this time of year goes beyond food. We understand headaches and joint pain can leave you flattened just as the New Year arrives. Flares can easily sneak up on you as you race to wrap that last gift or prepare another special meal. How on Earth are you supposed to balance enjoying the holidays with staying well?


Our Care Team decided to combine our health and wellness expertise with what we know about managing autoimmune disease to create this autoimmune-friendly holiday lifestyle guide for you.

In this guide, you’ll find:

  • Tips and tricks on holiday lifestyle, food, and communication.
  • Two short worksheets: One to pre-plan getting the most out of the season while staying healthy, and another to reflect on what worked well and what you need to adjust.
  • Insights into how we personally strategize for happy, healthy holiday seasons.


Consider this guide our “mini-coaching” gift to you! If you’re interested in receiving more personalized 1-1 autoimmune care, discover more about the membership here.

Wishing you a happy, healthy holiday season,
The WellTheory Care Team

Tips & Tricks

“In the days leading up to Christmas every year, I work really hard to ensure that not only will I, as a celiac, have access to lots of yummy gluten-free food, but my family will also have some of their favorite holiday foods. All that cooking is in addition to typical gift wrapping and house tidying, so it’s no surprise that I’m usually a little tired on Christmas day. One thing I enjoy without guilt every Christmas is a long, cozy nap in the middle of the day. Snoozing while my husband plays Christmas music on records and the tree lights twinkle makes my holiday experience that much happier.”

Guilt-free holiday tips:

  • Make a bucket list of 3-5 things ahead of time that will feel especially rewarding to you, that way you can plan them in with intention.
  • Identify one or two convenience foods that meet your dietary requirements and feel like a treat. If you have special dietary needs, like using AIP to help manage your autoimmune disease, order these treats so you can enjoy them during special get-togethers (like marshmallows from Sweet Apricity).
  • Remember that the holiday season is just one point in time. If you over-indulge or over-extend, focus on gratitude for the moment and course correct at your next opportunity.
Angie Alt
Advisor and Program Designer

“Avoid trigger words like ‘paleo’ and ‘diet’ (when at holiday gatherings) and you can just say ‘My health practitioner has recommended this nutritional protocol to help with some health issues so I’m abstaining from particular foods right now’”.

Keep stress-related autoimmune flare-ups away:

  • Plan your schedule in advance for a couple of days leading up to the holidays so you don’t overwork yourself. A little planning goes a long way! Take a few days off or reduce your hours for balance.
  • Make some dishes yourself and ask for cooking help from your immediate family and/or extended family to reduce your cooking load. Make sure the dishes you make are compliant with your dietary needs so you know you will have something to eat!
  • Sleep late on the holidays so you feel really relaxed! If you are having family or friends staying over, warn them in advance the previous night that you will be sleeping in.
  • Take the time to “make time” for yourself, whether it’s a nap or watching a holiday movie with a mug of bone broth. Downtime prevents stress and recharges your body!
Sybil Cooper
Health Coach

“Only do as much today as you have time to recover from tomorrow. Build in times of rest or times of recovery so that you can catch when you’re feeling exhausted or tired. Remember to rest, it’s never too late to hit the pause button.”

Gut health holiday tips:

  • Keep lots of fresh fruits, veggies, meat, and fish around. Be prepared. When you have everything that you need to eat on hand, you are less likely to reach for something that will make you feel bad. Some ideas are preparing a stew, stocking up on your supply of “grab-n-go” AIP snacks, and keeping some with you at all times. Make satisfying breakfasts to start each day off feeling your best.
  • Take your supplements and digestive enzymes. This is helpful if you decide to venture away from foods that you may normally avoid. Have digestive bitters on hand because they are really helpful in an immediate, digestive situation. Supplements, enzymes, and bitters help your body handle these foods. This may help you relax a bit more knowing you’re prepared, which allows more room for joy!
  • If there are non-negotiables, such as gluten or dairy, that you know are only going to cause you upset, don’t do it. It’s just not worth it. Find some recipes that are similar to those that you always love during the holidays. There are copycat recipes out there for most foods. If sugar cookies are your favorite holiday treat, there is definitely a compliant recipe out there. Yup, frosting is included!
Kristina Wong
Health Coach

“Bring all of your own ingredients (to a holiday gathering) for some special AIP or paleo treat so you can make a huge batch and enroll your family in helping you make it — and they get to experience how wonderful it tastes!”

Holiday hydration tip:

  • Use ConcenTrace Trace Mineral Drops in water to help with hydration, tastes good too!
Danya Shu
Health Coach

“Over the years, my husband and I have come up with adapted recipes for old family favorites that are free of my big trigger foods and full of more nutrient dense ingredients (but just as or more delicious than usual). This way I can enjoy the holidays without feeling like I am just saying “no” all the time. It also allows me to model to my kids that eating healthy is not about deprivation and lets me pass on recipes that are healthier than the ones passed down to me.”

Mental survival tips for the holiday:

  • Have clear conversations with extended family about what the meal plan is. Make sure they know how to make food without anything you are sensitive to and/or volunteer to take on a chunk of the cooking yourself.
  • Avoid the words, “I can’t eat that.” Instead, say, “I don’t want to eat that.” or “I choose not to eat that.” or “I choose to eat this instead.” By reframing it as a choice, you can feel more in control and less like you are a victim of your food triggers.
  • Don’t make a big deal out of the foods that you are choosing not to eat. Say “no thank you” and move on.
  • Focus on gratitude for the foods you are choosing to eat. Eat them mindfully, joyfully, and intentionally.
Janine Martin Horst
Functional Nutritional Therapy Practitioner

“I am an introvert, which means that I need alone time in order to feel rested and recharged. One of my favorite parts of the holiday season is spending time with loved ones, and while I love gathering around the kitchen island making cookies with my mom and sister, or playing games with friends, I get drained pretty quickly. When I start to feel overwhelmed by the noise and interactions and feel my fuse getting short, that’s my cue to remove myself and spend some time alone for a little while. I used to feel guilty about doing this - spending time by myself during the holidays. However, I’ve come to realize that prioritizing my “recharge time” actually gives me more space and energy to show up as my best self and feel more present and engaged with my loved ones and enjoy the holiday season to the fullest!”

Tips for slowing down:

  • List out the warning signs that tell you when it’s time to slow down. When you know what to look for you will be better equipped to recognize and respond to your needs in the moment.
  • Don’t ignore the messages your body is sending you - stay “tuned in.” Pay attention to how you are feeling emotionally as well as physically. Sometimes it’s easier to pay attention to physical symptoms, since they can be harder to ignore. So, don’t forget to listen to your emotions too. If you start feeling overwhelmed, angry, sad, or upset, take a few deep breaths and ask yourself what you need at that moment instead of pushing those feelings aside because “it’s the holidays.”
  • Make a list of activities you can engage in that will help you re-center and take care of yourself when you feel those warning signs crop up. This can include going for a walk, sipping on some bone broth, doing a few breathing exercises, or doing an activity that brings you joy.
Jesse St. Jean
Functional Nutritional Therapy Practitioner (FNTP)

“Since my first autoimmune protocol, six years ago, I have had a very clear and short list of foods that are what I call “hard no foods.” These foods will make me flare, so I never consume them knowingly. I make sure to lean on my“feel good foods” and during the holidays I open up to more “worth it foods” which are the foods I don’t normally eat, but on occasion are okay. This is how I, balance my autoimmune trigger foods with food freedom.”

Food tips for not compromising your personal health:

  • Make a big batch of your favorite AIP dessert that you can eat guilt free. Making a big batch means you can have the same dessert for different holiday get-togethers. You can even freeze it in small portions if needed.
  • Even if you’re a guest, cook something, bring something. Even if it’s just for you.
  • If you are going to a party, eat at home and bring a compliant sweet or savory (or both) treat to share. This way, you’ve already eaten and feel satisfied. You won’t feel as if you’re missing out and will feel more connected socially. When you’re eating your “safe foods” you won’t feel lousy. People will want to try what you’ve made and will be impressed with how delicious your dish is.
  • Pick your indulgences carefully. What will bring you the most joy with the least consequences/symptoms? Is it a glass of wine? Butter on your sweet potato? Only you can decide what is worth it for you.
  • Don’t let other’s opinions of your choices influence you at all. They don’t live in your body or with autoimmunity. They don’t get a say in how you take care of yourself. Be confident in your choices and your priorities!
Cristina Curp
Functional Nutritional Therapy Practitioner (FNTP)

The Ultimate Guide To Phytonutrients

Lycopene is the phytochemical that gives fruits and vegetables their red color. Lycopene is a potent antioxidant and has anti-inflammatory properties that protect the body from oxidative stress. Lycopene has also been found to decrease “bad” low density lipoprotein (LDL) and increase “good” high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol.

Lycopene may also protect the skin against ultraviolet (UV) damage from the sun. One small study found that participants who added 16milligrams of lycopene to their diet every day had less severe skin reactions to UV light over 10 weeks than a control group without the added lycopene. (Of course, consumption of lycopene-rich foods doesn’t replace sunscreen!)

AIP-Compliant Red Foods and Their Phytonutrient Compounds
Blood Orange
flavonoids, hesperidin, isohesperidin, limonene, limonin, lycopene, naringin, terpenio
Cherry
anthocyanin, flavonoids, hydro-xycinnamates
Cranberry
anthocyanin, catechins, ellagic acid, hippuric acid, kaempferol, lycopene, triterpenoids, quercetin, quinic acid
Gac
beta-carotene, lutein, lycopene, polyphenois
Pomegranate
anthocyanin, cyanidin, ellagic acid, lycopene
Red Grape
anthocyanin, cyanidin, ellagic acid, flavonols, kaempferol, lycopene, myricetin, peonidin, quercetin, resveratrol
Pink Guava
alkaloids, ellagic acid, lycopene
Red/Pink Grapefruit
beta cryptoxanthin, lycopene, naringin, narirutin, ponciri
Red Onion
copaene, flavonols, lycopene, polysulfides, quercetin, vinyldithiins
Red Beet
betacyanin, flavonoids, lycopene, phenolic acids
Other Red Foods and Their Phytonutrient Compounds
Tomato
beta-carotene, kaempferol, lycopene, rutin
Red Bell Pepper
anthocyanin, capsaicinoid, beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein, lycopene, zeaxanthin
Paprika
beta-carotene, canthaxanthin, lycopene, tocopherols
Red Potato
alpha linoleic acid, anthocyanin, flavonoids, polyphenols, tocopherols
Goji/Wolfberry
beta-carotene, lycopene, zeaxanthin

Ways to incorporate more red foods into your diet

  • Add red-colored fruits and vegetables to salads.
  • Opt for red pasta sauces made from tomatoes instead of carbonara or Alfredo sauce. Red sauces can also be used as toppings for other dishes!
  • Have salsa as a dip alongside tortilla chips or eggs, or on top of potatoes.
  • Make a juice using lycopene-rich foods.
  • Add some goji berries to your chrysanthemum, chamomile, or any other tea.

Phytonutrients in Orange Foods

Carotenoids are responsible for yellow, orange, and red color in many fruits and vegetables. Research suggests that one carotenoid in particular, beta-carotene, may protect against decline in lung function. A study done in 2017 also suggested that eating fruits and vegetables rich in carotenoids such as beta-carotene, alpha-carotene ,and beta-cryptoxanth in had protective effects against lung cancer.
Like lycopene, dietary intake of beta-carotene has protective effects against diseases that are mediated by oxidative stress, such as diabetes, cancer, and autoimmune diseases. High levels of alpha carotene are associated with longevity — one large U.S. study found that high levels of alpha-carotene in the blood were linked with a reduced risk of death over a 14 year period. Aside from its antioxidant effects, the carotenoid beta-cryptoxanthin may prevent bone loss and may have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties.

AIP-Compliant Orange Foods and Their Phytonutrient Compounds
Apricot
beta-carotene, lycopene, rutin, tartaric acid
Butternut Squash
alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein, phenolic acids, zeaxanthin
Cantaloupe
beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, gallic acid, kaempferol, lutein, zeaxanthin
Carrot
alpha-carotene, beta-carotenes, beta-cryptoxanthin, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, lycopene
Mandarin Oranges
alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, flavonoids, lutein, zeaxanthin
Mango
beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, beta-glucogallin, ellagicacid, quercetin
Orange
beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, flavonoids, hesperidin, isohesperidin, naringin, terpineol, limonene, limonin
Papaya
beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin
Peach
alpha-carotene, anthocyanidins, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, phenolic acids, rutin
Persimmon
beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, catechin, kaempferol, proanthocyanidins, quercetin, triterpenoid
Pumpkin
alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein, phenolic acids, phytic acid, zeaxanthin
Sea Buckthorn
beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein, lycopene, quercetin, zeaxanthin
Sweet potato
alkaloids, anthocyanin, betacarotene, flavonoids, oxalic acid, phenolic acids
Tangerine
alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, lutein, lycopene, tangeritin, zeaxanthin
Turmeric
curcumin, curcumenol, demethoxycurcumin, eugenol, turmerin, turmerones, zingiberene
Winter Squash
alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin
Yam
alkaloids, beta-carotene, flavonoids, phenol
Other Orange Foods and Their Phytonutrient Compounds
Orange Lentils
beta-carotene, flavonoids, phytic acid, tocopherols, flavonols
Orange Bell Pepper
beta-carotene, lycopene, capsaicinoid, lycopene, phenols

Ways to incorporate more orange foods into your diet

  • Have a baked sweet potato instead of white potato
  • Add turmeric powder to stir-fries, or make a warm cup of ginger and turmeric tea.
  • Have orange-colored foods as a snack throughout the day, such as tangerines, papaya, or peaches
  • Make a pumpkin, butternut squash, or carrot soup.
  • Make a smoothie out of orange-colored foods

Phytonutrients in Yellow Foods

Lutein and zeaxanthin are also part of the carotenoid family, along with beta-carotene, alpha-carotene, and beta-cryptoxanthin. Lutein and zeaxanthin are the only dietary carotenoids that reach the retina, the thin layer of tissue that lines the inside on the back of the eye. They are known to support eye health and have preventative effects against age-related macular degeneration, an eye disease that can lead to the loss of vision as we age. However, lutein and zeaxanthin also have strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capabilities. Zeaxanthin can also help to recycle glutathione, another important antioxidant in the body. (9, 15)

AIP-Compliant Yellow Foods and Their Phytonutrient Compounds
Yellow Apple
catechin, chlorogenicacid, flavonols, quercetin, rutin
Avocado
beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein, tartaric acid
Banana
beta-carotene, lutein, oxalic acid, zeaxanthin
Golden Beet
beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, flavonoids, lutein, phenolic acids, zeaxanthin, flavonoids
Yellow Cauliflower
beta-carotene, polyphenols, protocatechuic acid, quercetin
Yellow Dragon Fruit
betacyanin, betacarotene, flavonoids, lutein, phenolic acid, zeaxanthin, phenolic acid
Durian
alpha-carotene, anthocyanin, betacarotene, flavonoids, lutein, polyphenols, zeaxanthin
Eggfruit
alkaloids, betacarotene, biolaxantin, gallicacid, neoxanthin, quercetin, terpenoids, zeaxanthin
Ginger
gingerol, monoterpenes, oxalicacid, quercetin
Golden Kiwi
beta-carotene, betacryptoxanthin, caffeicacid, chlorogenicacid, lutein, phenolics, quinic acid, zeaxanthin
Jackfruit
alkaloids, alphacarotene, betacarotene, flavonoids, lignans, lutein, phenolics, terpenoids, zeaxanthin
Lemon
alkaloids, betacryptoxanthin, flavonoids, phenols, quinines, rutin, terpenoids
Nectarine
anthocyanin, betacarotene, phenols
Yellow Pear
beta-carotenecaffeic acid, pectin, quercetin, tocopherols
Plum
anthocyanin, betacryptoxanthin, lutein
Rutabaga/Swedish Turnip
beta-carotene, indole 3-carbinol, lutein, luteolin
Summer Squash
beta-carotene, betacryptoxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin
Star Fruit
alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, phytofluene
Pineapple
alkaloids, betacarotene, betacryptoxanthin, chlorogenic acid
Plantain
beta-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin
Yellow Watermelon
beta-carotene, betacryptoxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin
Yellow Zucchini
alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin
Other Yellow Foods and Their Phytonutrient Compounds
Yellow Bell Pepper
beta-carotene, capsaicinoid, lutein, phenols, zeaxanthin
Corn
anthocyanin, betacarotene, flavonoids, phenolic acids
Millet
beta-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin, ferulic acid, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid
Yellow Potatoes
beta-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin, flavonoids, phenols, anthocyanin

Ways to incorporate more yellow foods into your diet

  • Add diced yellow bell peppers and corn to your stir-fry.
  • Make honey and lemon tea.
  • Make stove-top popcorn with healthy fats such as olive oil and coconut oil.
  • Roast, bake, or mash yellow (Yukon) potatoes instead of white potatoes.
  • Use bananas to make banana pancakes and bread.
  • Slide some banana into your oatmeal.
  • Blend frozen pineapple, almond milk, and honey or maple syrup to make pineapple sorbet.

Phytonutrients in Green Foods

Dark green, leafy cruciferous vegetables are a good source of sulfur (isocyanate, sulforaphane, glucosinolate). Our body needs sulfur in order to synthesize certain essential proteins. These sulfur compounds break down into isothiocyanates and indoles in the gut, which are known to have antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory effects. (36, 52, 33)

Research suggests that sulforaphane may support heart health by reducing inflammation and lowering blood pressure. It may also have antidiabetic effects. One study found that sulforaphane reduced fasting blood sugar in patients with type 2 diabetes. (55, 41, 47)

Glucoraphanin, a glucosinolate that’s found in some cruciferous vegetables, has been found to protect the blood–brain barrier in mice with induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (used to study MS, which can’t be induced in the same way), suggesting it may reduce the risk of developing MS. (16, 40)

AIP-Compliant Green Foods and Their Phytonutrient Compounds
Artichoke
cynarin, gallic acid, quercetin, rutin, silymarin
Arugula
glucosinolates,indole-3-carbinol, lutein, sulforaphane, thiocyanates, zeaxanthin
Asparagus
lycopene, rutin, glutathione, quercetin, caffeicacid, kaempferol, ferulic acid
Bitter Gourd
anthraquinones, beta-carotene, glucosinolates, isoflavones, lutein, phenolic acids, sterol,
Bok Choy
beta-carotene, flavonoids, glucosinolates, kaempferol, lutein
Broccoli
alpha-carotene, betacarotene, glucosinolates, kaempferol, lutein, sulforaphane
Brussel Sprouts
indole-3-carbinol, isoflavonoids, isothiocyanate, kaempferol, lutein, zeaxanthin
Cabbage
beta-carotene, chlorogenic acid,indole-3-carbinol,lutein, sulforaphane, tocophero
Collards
beta-carotene, lutein,indole-3-carbinol, isothiocyanates, sulforaphane, zeaxanthin
Zucchini
beta-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin
Gai Lan/Chinese Broccoli/kale
beta-carotene, carbinol, chlorophyll, indole-3-carbinol, lutein, sulforaphane, zeaxanthin
Honeydew Melon
beta-carotene, caffeicacid, ellagic acid,ferulic acid, gallicacid, kaempferol, lutein, terpenes
Horseradish
glucosinolates, lutein, polysulfides, zeaxanthin
Kale
beta-carotene, glucosinolates, indole-3-carbinol, kaempferol, lutein, zeaxanthin
Kiwi
anthocyanin, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, flavonoids, lutein
Kohlrabi
anthocyanin, beta-carotene, glucosinolates, isothiocyanate
Leek
allicin, alliin, betacarotene, gallic acid, isothiocyanate, kaempferol, lutein
Lettuce
beta-carotene, chlorophyll, lutein, zeaxanthin
Mustard Greens
glucosinolate, betacarotene, lutein, zeaxanthin, phenolicacids, anthocyanin
Okra
beta-carotene, chlorophyll, flavonoids, lutein, phytosterols, zeaxanthin
Perilla
apigenin, beta-carotene, caffeic acid, citral, dillapiole, elemicin, limonene, luteolin, myristicin
Spinach
beta-carotenes, lutein, quercetin, zeaxanthin
Swiss Chard
catechin, epicatechin, kaempferol, lutein, myricetin, quercetin, zeaxanthin
Watercress
beta-carotene, glucosinolates, lutein, zeaxanthin
Other Green Foods and Their Phytonutrient Compounds
Coriander
apigenin, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, chlorophyll, flavonoids, kaempferol
Pistachios
anthocyanin, betacarotene, chloroform, lutein, phytosterols, violaxanthin

Ways to incorporate more green foods into your diet

  • Add chopped spinach and asparagus to an omelet or frittata.
  • Make a green smoothie using a variety of green vegetables and fruits.
  • Make kale chips using green kale.
  • Use basil or any dark green vegetable of your choice to make a pesto sauce.
  • Dip cucumbers in hummus, or celery in peanut butter.
  • Make wraps using lettuce leaves, cabbage leaves, perilla leaves, or Swiss chard.
  • Saute your choice of green vegetables with garlic, lemon, and olive oil.

Phytonutrients in Blue/Purple/Black Foods

Anthocyanins are phytochemicals that give red, blue, and purple plants their vibrant coloring. Anthocyanins have antioxidant properties that may boost heart health and reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular-related and other chronic diseases. (26)

Anthocyanin-rich foods have been linked to reductions in inflammation and reduced blood sugar concentrations, suggesting they may also have antidiabetic effects. Anthocyanins have also been found to protect eye health. One study found that daily supplementation with pharmaceutical anthocyanins improved the visual function of individuals with normal tension glaucoma (where the optic nerve is damaged despite pressure in the eye being normal). (30, 43)

Other phytochemicals called stilbenoids are typically found in grapes and blueberries. Like anthocyanins, stilbenoids have been shown to have a variety of benefits such as protective effects on the heart and brain, as well as antidiabetic, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. (4)

AIP-Compliant Blue/Purple/Black Foods and Their Phytonutrient Compounds
Purple Asparagus
anthocyanin, beta-carotene, ecdysterone, lutein ,zeaxanthin
Purple Basil
anthocyanin, betacarotene, kaempferol, myrcene, phenolicacids, quercetin, rutin, terpinolene
Bilberry
anthocyanin, caffeicacid, chlorogenic acid, kaempferol, myricetin, quercetin, terpenoids
Blackberries
anthocyanin, beta-carotene, lutein, salicylic acid, zeaxanthin
Blueberries
anthocyanin,catechins, ferulic acid, gallic acid, myricetin, phenolic acids, quercetin, stilbenoids
Purple Cabbage
anthocyanin, betacarotene, flavonoids, glucosinolates, indole-3-carbinol, lutein, sulforaphane, zeaxanthin
Purple Cauliflower
anthocyanin,beta-carotene, glucosinolates, iindole-3-carbinol, lutein, sulforaphane, zeaxanthin
Purple Carrots
alpha-carotene, anthocyanin, betacarotene, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, lutein, zeaxanthin
Black Currants
anthocyanin, caffeicacid, kaempferol, phenolic acids, lignans, myricetin, quercetin
Elderberries
anthocyanin, flavonoids, polyphenols
Fig
anthocyanin, betacarotene, chlorogenicacid, lutein, rutin, zeaxanthin
Purple Grapes
anthocyanin, betacarotene, caffeic acid, catechins, coumaricacid, ellagic acid, ferulicacid, kaempferol, lutein, myricetin, quercetin, stilbenoids, zeaxanthin
Purple kale
anthocyanins, betacarotene, flavonoids, glucosinolates, indole-3-carbinol, lutein, sulforaphane, zeaxanthin
Plum
anthocyanin, chlorogenic acid, lutein, phytosterols, sorbitol, terpenoids, zeaxanthin
Radicchio
anthocyanin, ellagicacid, lutein, lycopene, quercetin, zeaxanthin
Other Blue/Purple/Black Foods and Their Phytonutrient Compounds
Chia Seeds
caffeic acid, quercetin, myricetin, phenolic acids, chlorogenic acid
Rice
phenolic acids, tocopherols, flavonoids, anthocyanin, phytosterols, phytic acid
Eggplant
anthocyanin, aubergenone, flavonoids, glycoalkaloids, phenolic compounds

Ways to incorporate more blue/purple/black foods into your diet

  • Substitute purple cabbage, carrots, and onions for green cabbage, orange carrots, and white onions.
  • Add blueberries, blackberries, black currants, figs, and plums to yogurt or oatmeal.
  • Have a baked purple sweet potato instead of a white potato, or use them to make sweet potato patties.
  • Make sauerkraut using purple cabbage.
  • Use purple vegetables in salads.
  • Make a cannelloni using eggplant.

Phytonutrientsin White/Tan/Brown Foods

Allicin, a phytochemical produced when garlic is chopped or crushed, has been associated with a lower risk of coronary events in older adults. Research suggests allicin may help reduce LDL and total cholesterol levels when consumed for more than 2 months. (8, 39)

Garlic is well known for its antimicrobial effects and has historically been used to combat infectious diseases. It is also known to be effective against a variety of bacteria, such as Salmonella, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. (8)

Another phytonutrient that is found in many white, tan, and brown foods is quercetin. Quercetin has anti-inflammatory properties and may be effective against obesity, cancer, viruses, allergies, and high blood pressure. (5)

Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels are a biomarker of inflammation in the body. High CRP levels are associated with heart disease, obesity, and lupus. One study done in 2008 found that the intake of foods rich in flavonoids, such as quercetin, is associated with lower serum CRP concentrations. (12)

AIP-Compliant White/Tan/Brown Foods and Their Phytonutrient Compounds
Cauliflower
beta-carotene, flavonoids, glucosinolates, indole-3-carbinol,lutein, sulforaphane, zeaxanthin
Dates
beta-carotene, flavonoids, lutein, phenolic acids, zeaxanthin
Japanese Turnip
anthocyanins, betacarotene, ferulicacid, glucosinolate, lutein, quercetin, violaxanthin
Garlic
allicin, allin, caffeicacid, ferulic acid, kaempferol, polysulfides, quercetin, triterpenoid
Ginger
gingerols, paradols, shogaols, terpenes
Lotus Root
catechins, catechol, gallic acid, phenolic acids
Lychee
anthocyanidins, catechins, malvidin, quercetin, rutin
Mangosteen
catechins, gartanin, mangostin, normagostin, rosin, xanthones
Mushroom
beta-glucans, ergosterol, ganoderic acid, lucidenic acid
Olives
hydroxytyrosol, oleuropein
Onion
allicin, alliin, caffeicacid, ferulic acid, fumaric acid, phytosterols, quercetin, rutin
Taro
alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, quercetin, terpenoids
Other White/Tan/Brown Foods and Their Phytonutrient Compounds
Almonds
catechin, kaempferol, methylquercetin, protocatechuic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, resveratrols, vanillic acid
Cacao
caffeine, flavonols, quercetin, theobromine
Hazelnut
caffeoylquinic acid, gallic acid, kaempferol, myricetin, quercetin
Legumes
flavonoids, lutein, phenolic acids, tocopherols, zeaxanthin
Sesame
lignans, phytosterols, sesamin, sesamolin, tocopherols
Soy
beta-sitosterol, daidzein, genistein, isoflavone
Walnuts
gallic acid, phenolic acids, phytosterol, proanthocyanidins
Whole Grains
beta-cryptoxanthin, flavonoids, lutein, zeaxanthin
White Potatoes
flavonoids, phenolic acids, beta-carotene, chlorogenic acid
Coffee
beta-carotene, caffeine, chlorogenic acid, phenolic acids
Flaxseed
campesterol, lignans, triterpenes, sitosterol, stigmasterol

Ways to incorporate more white/tan/brown foods into your diet

  • Use dates instead of refined sweeteners to sweeten a dish or drink.
  • Add onions and mushrooms to a stir-fry.
  • Make your own granola or trail mix using whole grains, nuts, and seeds.
  • Stir-fry lotus root with bell peppers and garlic sauce.
  • Add cacao to smoothies, yogurt, or oatmeal.
  • Pickle some Japanese turnip to have as a snack or side dish.

The Bottom Line on Phytonutrients

The thousands of phytochemicals produced by plants for their own protection may also help prevent and treat many of our own medical conditions and diseases. Phytonutrients give fruits, vegetables, grains, nuts, and other plant foods their variety of colors, so “eat the rainbow” to maximize the health benefits offered by these plentiful chemical compounds.

References

Organize and reflect on your holiday season

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